We have found that some organizations use the term customer only to refer to people external to the company, while others use customer to refer to the source of either internal or external requests. The person from another department making a request for an IT project is often referred to as the client or the customer. The company may have regular interdepartmental meetings to discuss future IT projects. Your IT organization may have business analysts who are assigned to work with various departments and proactively document departmental requests. Requests may come from inside your corporation or from external customers. The manner in which a project request is received can vary widely in different organizations. Social need, such as infrastructure in a developing country.Internal business need, such as a new invoice system.New product development to meet a market demand.These requests fall into one of the following categories: A number of events can drive a new project request. īefore you can initiate a project, you need to have a request. Initiation is the formal authorization of a project and is the only process in the Initiation process group.
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This chapter marks the start of an ongoing IT case study that will be used to demonstrate the application of these process groups. The end result of the Initiation process is a project charter and the formal assignment of a project manager.
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You will learn about project stakeholders: the people with a vested interest in the outcome of the project, including one of the most important stakeholders: the project sponsor. In this chapter we will discuss the most common methods used for project selection: cost-benefit analysis, scoring models, financial analysis, and expert judgment. Initiation includes reviewing a customer request with the client to refine and clarify measurable deliverables and to develop a high-level requirements document.Ī project selection process or criteria may be used to determine project approval. This process can be formal or informal, depending on the organization. Initiation covers the receipt of a request through the authorization to start a project. The Initiation process group is the first of the five process groups that PMI lays out in the Guide to the PMBOK. 2.8 Given the client s approved project requirements and the input of stakeholders, decompose these requirements into functional, business, and technical requirements while maintaining trace ability within strict configuration control.2.7 Describe the goals of useful project requirements, review with the client (e.g., verify mutual understanding of client s product delivery, product performance, and budget requirements, etc.) and describe when it is important to have such reviews.
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The review should include an assessment of key items.
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